Some of the many effects of cannabis are that it calms and soothes you, gives you a boost of energy that makes you feel good, and more. But why do these differences happen? The compounds that make cannabis feel so important are cannabinoids such as THC and CBD. Instead, another important factor which people fail to take into account is called terpenes. They have a big effect on both flavor and effect.
We’ll go into great detail about terpenes in this blog article. We’ll talk about what they are, how they affect cannabis, and why they’re so important for the smell and effects of your preferred strain.
What are Terpenes?
Terpenes are organic compounds found in the essential oils of many plants, including cannabis. These compounds are responsible for the distinct smells and flavors you associate with different plants-think the citrusy scent of an orange peel, the piney aroma of a Christmas tree, or the herbal fragrance of lavender. In cannabis, terpenes contribute not only to the plant’s scent but also to its overall therapeutic and psychoactive effects.
Over 100 different terpenes have been identified in cannabis, each with its unique smell and properties. They work in conjunction with cannabinoids like THC and CBD to create what’s called the “entourage effect,” where the various compounds enhance each other’s effects, making the overall experience more potent and complex.
The Role of Terpenes in Cannabis Flavor
When you smell or taste cannabis, you’re experiencing its terpenes in action. These compounds contribute to the wide variety of flavors and aromas that make each cannabis strain unique. Let’s take a look at some of the most common terpenes and the flavors they bring to the table:
1. Myrcene – Earthy, Musky, Herbal
Myrcene is one of the most abundant terpenes found in cannabis and contributes to the classic “earthy” and “musky” aroma often associated with cannabis. It’s also present in hops, mangoes, and thyme. Strains high in myrcene tend to have a more relaxing, sedative effect. You’ll often find this terpene in indica-dominant strains.
2. Limonene – Citrusy, Fresh
Limonene gives cannabis its citrusy aroma, reminiscent of oranges, lemons, and grapefruits. It’s known for its uplifting and energizing effects, often contributing to a feeling of euphoria and happiness. This terpene is commonly found in sativa-dominant strains.
3. Pinene – Piney, Fresh, Herbal
As the name suggests, pinene gives off a distinct pine scent and is commonly found in coniferous trees, basil, and rosemary. This terpene is thought to have anti-inflammatory and bronchodilator properties (helping to open up the airways), making it useful for people with respiratory issues.
4. Linalool – Floral, Lavender
Linalool is the terpene responsible for the lavender-like scent in cannabis. It has calming and relaxing effects, making it great for reducing anxiety and stress. This terpene is often found in both indica and hybrid strains that are designed to provide a more mellow, soothing experience.
5. Caryophyllene – Spicy, Peppery
Caryophyllene gives off a spicy, peppery scent and is the only terpene known to interact with CB2 receptors in the body’s endocannabinoid system. This unique characteristic makes it potentially useful for managing pain and inflammation. It’s found in strains with a more spicy or herbal profile, and it’s commonly found in both cannabis and black pepper.
The Impact of Terpenes on Cannabis Effects
The way terpenes interact with cannabinoids has a significant impact on the overall effects of a cannabis strain. These compounds don’t just contribute to flavor and smell; they can also enhance or modify the way THC and CBD affect your body and mind. The interaction between terpenes and cannabinoids is a critical part of what makes each cannabis strain unique.
- The Entourage Effect
The entourage effect refers to the synergistic interaction between all the various compounds in cannabis, including cannabinoids and terpenes. When consumed together, these compounds enhance one another’s effects. For example, certain terpenes can make THC more effective or help mitigate its potential for anxiety or paranoia.
Take myrcene, for instance. It’s believed to enhance the sedative effects of THC, which is why cannabis strains high in myrcene tend to have a relaxing, calming effect. Conversely, limonene can provide an uplifting boost, counteracting some of the sedative effects of other terpenes like myrcene.
- Pain and Inflammation
Some terpenes are particularly effective when it comes to reducing pain and inflammation. Caryophyllene, as mentioned, interacts with CB2 receptors in the body’s endocannabinoid system, which helps modulate inflammation and pain. This makes it an excellent option for individuals seeking cannabis strains for therapeutic relief from chronic pain, arthritis, or other inflammatory conditions.
- Anxiety and Stress Relief
For those looking for relaxation, terpenes like linalool and myrcene are often found in strains that have anti-anxiety properties. Linalool, in particular, is known for its calming and stress-relieving effects, which can be beneficial for those dealing with anxiety, depression, or insomnia. Strains with higher levels of these terpenes may help ease the mind and promote relaxation.
- Boosting Creativity and Focus
On the other end of the spectrum, sativa-dominant strains high in terpenes like limonene and pinene are often chosen for their ability to increase focus, creativity, and energy levels. These strains are often recommended for daytime use or when you need to be productive and mentally alert.
How to Choose Cannabis Based on Terpenes
When selecting a cannabis strain, the first thing most people look at is its THC or CBD content. However, if you’re looking for a specific type of experience, paying attention to terpenes can be just as important, if not more so.
Here’s a quick guide to choosing cannabis based on the terpenes you might want to experience:
1. For Relaxation and Sleep:
If you’re looking for something that will help you unwind or sleep better, you’ll want to look for strains high in myrcene and linalool. These terpenes are associated with sedative effects and are often found in indica strains.
2. For Pain Relief:
If managing chronic pain or inflammation is your goal, look for strains rich in caryophyllene and myrcene. These terpenes, especially when combined with THC, have anti-inflammatory properties that can help alleviate pain.
3. For Energy and Focus:
For a creative boost or energy lift, strains high in limonene and pinene are excellent choices. These terpenes can enhance mental clarity, improve mood, and increase focus, making them ideal for daytime use.
4. For Uplift and Happiness:
If you’re looking to feel more uplifted or euphoric, limonene and terpinolene are great terpenes to look for. They’re typically found in sativa-dominant strains that have mood-enhancing effects.
Conclusion
While cannabinoids like THC and CBD often steal the spotlight when it comes to cannabis, terpenes play an equally important role in determining both the flavor and effects of the plant. Whether you’re looking for relaxation, pain relief, or a burst of creativity, understanding the specific terpenes in a strain can help you select the perfect product for your needs.
By considering both the cannabinoid content and the terpene profile, you can get the most out of your cannabis experience. So next time you’re at the dispensary, take a moment to ask about the terpene profile of the strain you’re eyeing-it might just hold the secret to the exact experience you’re looking for.
Remember, cannabis isn’t just about THC or CBD-it’s about the entire package of compounds that work together to create a unique experience. And terpenes? They’re the unsung heroes making it all possible.
